光景

北京下了雪。

福建天气晴朗。

你在旅途中,

但愿一切如愿。





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兔年吉祥


我已经到家了,
潮湿冷冷的天气,还有所有的绿树,
用树叶可以叠成小兔子,下次给你们看。
恩,先这样!

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Dead man’s lullaby

音频片段:需要 Adobe Flash Player(9 或以上版本)播放音频片段。 点击这里下载最新版本。您需要开启浏览器的 JavaScript 支持。

冬天要听这个。

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新年快乐

r3
r2
r1

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你永远都无法叫醒一个装睡的人

作者:周濂

英语中有个词叫做“white lie”,谎言既为白色,自然充满了温情和善意:慈眉善目的圣诞老人扛着一大坨礼物限时专送,仁心仁术的医生隐瞒绝症患者的病情,老和尚告诫小和尚山下的女人是老虎,莫不是此类白色谎言的代表。
当“white lie”上升到国家的层面,为的是全体人民的利益,那就有了一个更好听的名字,名唤“noble lie”,谎言竟然都可以是高贵的,那是因为它不仅立意高远,而且大爱无疆。
有时候,“忽悠”的确是可以成为“护佑”的。
相比“高贵的谎言”所具有的古典意蕴、贵气逼人,“意识形态”这个术语天然带有机械时代的冷酷无情。19世纪初,法国思想家德•特雷西在批判启蒙运动时创造了“意识形态”这个概念,将之定义为关于观念及其起源的科学。
不过现在我们不再用“科学”这样的字眼去形容意识形态,因为意识形态的根本目的不在于真理,而在于政治,不在于知识,而在于信念。美国社会学家丹尼尔•贝尔说,所谓意识形态就是“以行动为导向的信念系统”。换言之,意识形态的宗旨不是去探究客观的事实,而恰恰就是通过再造和扭曲事实去激发和维持群众做某些事情或者不做某些事情的信念。
举一个不算遥远的例子,上世纪60年代明明是史上少有的风调雨顺,但意识形态的强大功能却可以倒白为黑,不仅悍然将其命名为三年自然灾害,而且成功地撩拨起全体人民对于“北极熊”的刻骨仇恨。
有趣的是,时间过去50年,当所有人都认定这个信念系统已经濒临破产的时候,捷克哲学家齐泽克却在5月的上海,讲述了关于意识形态的另一个故事:
“在欧洲,我们有长着长胡子的圣诞老人,如果你问一个孩子:你相信圣诞老人吗?孩子会说:不,我没那么愚蠢,我只是假装相信,从他那获得礼物。如果你问父母,他们会说:当然不信,我们假装相信,是为了让孩子得到礼物——事实是,没有人相信圣诞老人,但是他却发挥作用。现在大家都在说我不再相信意识形态了,但是我的观点是,即使你不相信意识形态,它还是在起作用,而且意识形态正是在人们不相信它的情况下,才起作用。”
齐泽克的意思是,无论是高贵的谎言还是冷酷的意识形态,其实都不必费劲巴拉地维持它的表面光鲜亮丽,一个不再被人们认可或相信的意识形态仍旧可以继续发挥政治和社会价值分配的功能,哪怕它看上去漏洞百出、苟延残喘,但只要每个人都可以通过它获得自己想要的东西,那么它就仍然功能健全、运转良好,这才是意识形态的本来面目。在某种意义上,这样的意识形态更可怕,因为它不再是少数人处心积虑地说谎,而是所有人心照不宣地共同维护那个公开的谎言。
谎言一旦变成赤裸裸,信任的支柱便被抽离,此时支撑谎言继续运转的动力要么是利益要么是暴力。赤裸裸的谎言不再承担造梦的功能,但它依旧可以让每一个人继续生存在一个虚假的空间里,在这个空间里,大伙儿集体在装睡。
齐泽克的故事并不能完全解释中国经验,在这片充满着魔幻现实主义的国度里,正在上演的更可能是下面这个充满了温情的场景:
午后的幼儿园里,静的连针落地的声音都能听见,阿姨在小床边巡视,孩子们假装发出沉沉入睡的呼吸,小脑瓜里想的是一个小时后冰爽可口的绿豆汤。时钟滴滴答答地走,有些孩子天生没心没肺倒头便着,有些孩子装啊装啊就真的睡着了,当然,或许有更多的孩子一直在装睡,他们在起床铃响前的半小时,就时刻准备着从床上一骨碌地爬起来……
这个景象如此美好,以至于我们甚至希望它可以“永劫轮回”地继续下去。一个永远都不会醒来的大梦难道不就是现实本身么?
但我怀疑很少有人能够一辈子——从摇篮到坟墓——都在梦醒时分喝到绿豆汤。那些最终进入梦乡的孩子不会心焦悲剧的诞生,可对于始终在装睡的孩子来说,却必须时时按捺住这个让他崩盘的念头,在百爪挠心中等待被叫醒。
可关键的问题在于,你永远都无法叫醒一个装睡的人,除非那个装睡的人自己决定醒来。

(发表于《财经》)

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